Europe | Hemisphere & countries

Europe is a continent that is located in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere. It’s bordered is by the Arctic Ocean to the north, Atlantic Ocean to the west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south. It is connected to Asia by the Ural Mountains and the Caucasus Mountains. It is the second smallest continent by surface area and is made up of 44 countries.

Europe flag

The flag of Europe, also known as the European Flag, is a blue field with a circle of twelve five-pointed gold (yellow) stars, arranged in the pattern of the night sky over the original twelve member states of the European Union (EU). The blue represents the west, while the stars are meant to symbolize unity and solidarity. The flag was designed by a Belgian artist Paul M. G. Lévy in 1955, and adopted by the European Economic Community (EEC) in 1986.

The flag of Europe is not the official flag of the European Union and it is not used by all European Union countries as their official flag. Each country has its own national flag and the European Union flag is mostly used as a symbol of the EU and the European integration process.

How many Countries in Europe

There are 44 countries in Europe, including:

1. Albania
2. Andorra
3. Austria
4. Belarus
5. Belgium
6. Bosnia and Herzegovina
7. Bulgaria
8. Croatia
9. Cyprus
10. Czech Republic
11. Denmark
12. Estonia
13. Finland
14. France
15. Germany
16. Greece
17. Hungary
18. Iceland
19. Ireland
20. Italy
21. Kosovo
22. Latvia
23. Liechtenstein
24. Lithuania
25. Luxembourg
26. Malta
27. Moldova
28. Monaco
29. Montenegro
30. Netherlands
31. North Macedonia
32. Norway
33. Poland
34. Portugal
35. Romania
36. Russia
37. San Marino
38. Serbia
39. Slovakia
40. Slovenia
41. Spain
42. Sweden
43. Switzerland
44. Ukraine

Please note that some countries like Cyprus and Kosovo are only recognized by some countries as independent states.

Northern Europe

Northern Europe is a geographical and cultural region that includes several countries in Europe that are located in the northern part of the continent. The exact boundaries of Northern Europe are not well-defined and can vary depending on the context. In general, Northern Europe includes the following countries:

1. Denmark
2. Estonia
3. Finland
4. Iceland
5. Ireland
6. Latvia
7. Lithuania
8. Norway
9. Sweden
10. United Kingdom (in part, only Scotland and England are considered as part of Northern Europe)

It is worth noting that some sources include other countries such as Germany, Poland, and the Czech Republic as part of Northern Europe, while others do not. The term Northern Europe is often used to refer to the countries in this region that are located closer to the Arctic Circle and have a cooler climate and longer winters than the countries in southern Europe.

South Europe

Southern Europe is a geographical and cultural region that includes several countries in Europe that are located in the southern part of the continent. The exact boundaries of Southern Europe are not well-defined and can vary depending on the context. In general, Southern Europe includes the following countries:

1. Albania
2. Bosnia and Herzegovina
3. Croatia
4. Greece
5. Italy
6. Malta
7. Montenegro
8. Portugal
9. Serbia
10. Slovenia
11. Spain
12. Cyprus

Some sources include other countries such as Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania and some parts of France, and the United Kingdom as part of Southern Europe, while others do not. The term Southern Europe is often used to refer to the countries in this region that are located closer to the Mediterranean Sea, characterized by milder and wetted winters and hotter summers than the countries in Northern Europe.

Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is a geographical and cultural region that includes several countries in Europe that are located east of Germany, Austria, and Italy. The exact landmark of Eastern Europe is not well-defined and can vary depending on the context. In general, Eastern Europe includes the following countries:

1. Belarus
2. Bulgaria
3. Czech Republic
4. Hungary
5. Poland
6. Romania
7. Russia
8. Slovakia
9. Ukraine

Some sources consider some countries like Croatia, Slovenia, and the Baltic states (Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania) being part of Eastern Europe, while others do not. The term Eastern Europe has been used historically to refer to the former Soviet-controlled states and countries of the Eastern bloc during the Cold War period.

Western Europe

Western Europe is a geographical and cultural region that includes several countries in Europe that are located west of Germany, Austria, and Italy. The exact boundaries of Western Europe are not well-defined and can vary depending on the context. In general, Western Europe includes the following countries:

1. Austria
2. Belgium
3. France
4. Germany
5. Ireland
6. Italy
7. Luxembourg
8. Netherlands
9. Portugal
10. Spain
11. Switzerland

Some sources include other countries such as the United Kingdom, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Iceland, and Finland as part of Western Europe, while others do not. The term Western Europe is often used to refer to the developed and industrialized countries of Europe, in contrast to the less developed countries in Eastern and Southern Europe.

Small countries in Europe

Europe is home to many small countries, some of which are:

1. Andorra: situated between France and Spain, it has an area of 468 km² and a population of around 77,000.
2. Monaco: located on the Mediterranean coast, it has an area of 2.02 km² and a population of around 39,000.
3. San Marino: an enclaved microstate surrounded by Italy, it has an area of 61.2 km² and a population of around 34,000.
4. Liechtenstein: a small country located between Switzerland and Austria, it has an area of 160 km² and a population of around 38,000.
5. Malta: an island country in the Mediterranean Sea, it has an area of 316 km² and a population of around 500,000.
6. Luxembourg: located between Belgium, Germany and France, it has an area of 2,586 km² and a population of around 626,000.
7. Cyprus: an island country in the Eastern Mediterranean, it has an area of 9,251 km² and a population of around 1,207,000.
8. Iceland: island country located in the North Atlantic Ocean, it has an area of 103,000 km² and a population of around 364,000.
9. Gibraltar: A British Overseas Territory located on the southern coast of Spain, it has an area of 6.8 km² and a population of around 34,000.

These are just some examples of small countries in Europe, there are many other small countries and territories in Europe, like Vatican City, which is the smallest country in the world with an area of 0.44 km².

Largest countries in Europe

The largest countries in Europe by land area are:

1. Russia: with an area of 17,098,242 square kilometers, it is the largest country in the world and covers more than one-eighth of the Earth’s total land area.
2. Ukraine: with an area of 603,628 square kilometers.
3. France: with an area of 643,801 square kilometers.
4. Spain: with an area of 505,944 square kilometers.
5. Sweden: with an area of 450,295 square kilometers.
6. Germany: with an area of 357,368 square kilometers.
7. Norway: with an area of 323,802 square kilometers.
8. Finland: with an area of 338,434 square kilometers.
9. Poland: with an area of 312,696 square kilometers.
10. Italy: with an area of 301,338 square kilometers.

Please note that some sources might consider other countries as well, like Kazakhstan and Turkey as part of Europe, due to their geographic location and cultural ties.

Largest city in Europe

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